Electrolytes are minerals that carry an electric charge, essential for numerous physiological functions including muscle contractions, hydration, nerve signaling, and pH balance. Key electrolytes include sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and chloride.
For athletes, maintaining electrolyte balance is vital, especially during prolonged exercise or in hot environments where sweating leads to mineral loss. Imbalance can result in cramps, fatigue, and decreased performance.
Electrolyte supplements help replenish lost minerals and support optimal muscular and neurological function. They are common in hydration formulas, energy drinks, and endurance products.
Synonyms:
Mineral salts, Ionic minerals
Benefits:
- Prevents muscle cramps and fatigue
- Maintains hydration and fluid balance
- Supports nerve and muscle function
- Helps in recovery post-exercise
Sources:
- Found in salt, fruits (bananas, oranges), leafy greens, dairy
- Included in sports drinks and rehydration salts
Observations:
Typically used during or after exercise. High doses of sodium or potassium should be avoided unless medically advised. Best taken with fluids for optimal absorption.
Areas of Study Related:
Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine, Hydration Science, Cellular Biology.